fhwa manual on subsurface investigations

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fhwa manual on subsurface investigations

A preview of this full-text is provided by Springer Nature.FHWA NHI-01-031 Federal Highway Administration Washington, DC Geotechnical Site Characterization July 2001 by Paul W. Mayne, Barry R. Christopher, and Jason DeJong A - 1 Appendix B Websites: Geotechnical Equipment Suppliers a n d S e r v i c e T e s t i n g C o m p a n i e s. B - 1 Strength and Stiffness Characterization of Clays using Atterberg Limits Article Sep 2020 Sayed Mohamed Ahmed Shehab Agaiby Atterberg limits are index parameters that can be determined using simple, inexpensive, and rapid laboratory tests. These limits are commonly used for the classifications of fine-grained soils. They may be also utilized in the preliminary assessment of strength and stiffness parameters of these soils, particularly at the initial phases of geotechnical investigation programs, ahead of conducting more advanced tests on undisturbed samples. Numerous studies in the geotechnical literature have been directed towards enhancing the relationships between Atterberg limits and the different mechanical parameters of fine-grained soils. However, there is still a necessity to improve the accuracy and applicability of such correlations. In this study, the undrained rigidity index is correlated with the plasticity indices using a comprehensive worldwide clay database. Subsequently, the effective friction angle is determined using an expression of the rigidity index derived from the Critical State Soil Mechanics. New formulations are developed for the undrained shear strength under compression, extension, and simple direct shear modes, as well as expressions for the constrained, shear, and Young’s elastic moduli. The deduced formulations are validated using the results of the geotechnical investigations for well-reported sites. A close agreement is demonstrated between the measured and the estimated parameters, implying that the proposed approach is broadly valid and applicable. View Show abstract.

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The rock drilling, coring and sampling procedure was performed at all study sites. For drilling purposes, wireline equipment and a double-tube core barrel were used, which offers better recovery by isolating the rock core from the drilling fluid stream (Mayne et al. 2001). The wireline drilling equipment allows the inner tube to be uncoupled from the outer tube and raised rapidly to the surface by means of a wireline hoist.. New approach in the application of seismic methods for assessing surface excavatability of sedimentary rocks Article Apr 2020 B ENG GEOL ENVIRON Jasmin Jug Davor Stanko Kristijan Grabar Petar Hrzenjak In the present study, a new approach on the application of seismic methods for assessing the excavatability of sedimentary rocks for surface excavations is proposed. The excavatability classification system has been developed based on seismic S-waves velocities determined by the multichannel analysis of surface waves. Prior to practical excavations carried out with different excavation methods (blasting, hydraulic breaking, ripping and digging), extensive field and laboratory studies were performed on eight sedimentary rock sites displaying a wide range of weathering and strength conditions in the area of Croatian karst (Dalmatia, Istria, Gorski Kotar). The investigation involved parameters of intact rock, such as compressive strength and point load strength, and parameters of rock mass such as seismic P-waves and S-waves velocities, geological strength index, discontinuity spacing and rock quality designation from borehole core. A new classification was proposed by comparing the measured VS and applied excavation methods on the studied sites. Estimates of several existing classifications were used for comparison and verification. It was found that the estimates of the proposed model are comparable with the estimates of previous research.

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The proposed method is not applicable to igneous and metamorphic rocks, or for subsurface excavatability assessments. View Show abstract. Previous studies have attempted to establish a correlation between the maximum spacing index, e max, and the e min spacing index. Some authors have suggested a linear correlation between the two parameters (Veiga Pinto 1979;Cubrinovski and Ishihara 2002; Mayne et al. 2001; Dorador and Besio 2013;Riquelme and Dorador 2018). De la Hoz (2007) proposed a detailed methodology for evaluating e min and e max for coarse soils with C u grades of 10 or higher.. The Effect of Shape on the Linear Relationship of Maximum and Minimum Void Ratios of Various Sand Types Article Full-text available Mar 2019 Geotech Geol Eng Seda Cellek Clean sands taken from the Trabzon,Sinop, Zonguldak and C? ine regions of Turkey wereused in this study. They were named, in order, Type 1,Type 5, Type 9, and Type 13. The samples wereobtained by washing four sands through a no. 200sieve. Type 1 is composed of 53 augite, and itsspecific gravity is 3.44. Type 5 is composed of 57SiO2, and its specific gravity is 2.74. Type 9 iscomposed of 80 SiO2, and its specific gravity is 2.75.Type 13 is composed of 48 SiO2, and its specificgravity is 2.75. Changes in mineral proportions wereobserved before and after washing of the sand. In the study, the linear relationship betweenemaxand eminwas investigated, and an attempt wasmade to determine how much the grain shapes affectedthe linearity. For that purpose, the effects of emaxandeminvalues on physical, mineralogical, and prove-nance location of the sand were examined, and variousgraphics were produced. R2values were calculated toexamine the linearity of the distribution within eachsand type. While Type 1 and Type 13 were close toeach other in line, Type 5 and Type 9 gave valuesdistant from linear. View Show abstract.

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Previous studies have attempted to establish a correlation between the maximum spacing index, e max, and the e min spacing index. Some authors have suggested a linear correlation between the two parameters (Veiga Pinto 1979;Cubrinovski and Ishihara 2002; Mayne et al. 2001; Dorador and Besio 2013;Riquelme and Dorador 2018). De la Hoz (2007) proposed a detailed methodology for evaluating e min and e max for coarse soils with C u grades of 10 or higher.. The Effect of Shape on the Linear Relationship of Maximum and Minimum Void Ratios of Various Sand Types Article Full-text available Mar 2019 Geotech Geol Eng Seda Cellek Clean sands taken from the Trabzon, Sinop, Zonguldak and Cine regions of Turkey were used in this study. They were named, in order, Type 1, Type 5, Type 9, and Type 13. The samples were obtained by washing four sands through a no. 200 sieve. Type 1 is composed of 53 augite, and its specific gravity is 3.44. Type 5 is composed of 57 SiO2, and its specific gravity is 2.74. Type 9 is composed of 80 SiO2, and its specific gravity is 2.75. Type 13 is composed of 48 SiO2, and its specific gravity is 2.75. Changes in mineral proportions were observed before and after washing of the sand. In the study, the linear relationship between emax and emin was investigated, and an attempt was made to determine how much the grain shapes affected the linearity. For that purpose, the effects of emax and emin values on physical, mineralogical, and provenance location of the sand were examined, and various graphics were produced. R? values were calculated to examine the linearity of the distribution within each sand type. While Type 1 and Type 13 were close to each other in line, Type 5 and Type 9 gave values distant from linear. View Show abstract.

Evaluation of Undrained Shear Strength and Soil Classification from Cone Penetration Test Thesis Full-text available Aug 2018 Md Imran Hossain The in-situ cone and piezocone penetration tests (CPT, PCPT) has been widely used by the geotechnical engineering community for subsurface soil characterization and classification, and for the evaluation of many engineering soil properties, such as undrained shear strength (su), unit weight (?), constrained modulus (M), coefficient of consolidation (cv), and stress history (OCR). For this purpose, 70 cone penetration test data collected from 14 different parishes in Louisiana were analyzed. In each site, both laboratory and CPT tests were performed at the same location in order to evaluate the soil parameters (e.g., corrected cone tip resistance, qt; sleeve friction, fs; total overburden pressure, ?vo; plasticity index, Ip; Liquid limit, LL; and moisture content, MC). Both linear and non-linear statistical regression models were developed and verified using the measured soil parameters to estimate su of clayey soil for individual soil layers. The su model that contains qt, fs, and ?v0 parameters is found to be the best model that satisfies all the statistical parameters, and that the estimated values of su are close to the measured values. Among these charts, the Robertson (2010) chart showed better prediction to categorize soils for Louisiana. In addition, the Zhang and Tumay (1999) probability method is found to be suitable to categorize the sandy and clayey soil type behavior, but was not so clear for the silty soil behavior. View Show abstract. The shear wave velocitySubsequently, an iterative process is envisaged to obtain the clay stiffness and strength parameters. The at-rest earth pressure coefficient, as well as bearing capacity factor and rigidity index related to the cone penetration test, is also acquired from the analyses.

Comparisons are presented between the measured clayIt is demonstrated that the presented approach can provide acceptable estimates of saturated clay stiffness and strength parameters. One of the main privileges of the presented methodology is the site-specific procedure developed based on the relationships between clay strength and stiffness parameters, rather than adopting direct correlations. Despite of the utilized iterative processes, the presented approach can be easily implemented using a simple spreadsheet, benefiting both geotechnical researchers and practitioners. View Show abstract Determination of relationship between standard penetration test and geotechnical parameters in Ahwaz soil Article Oct 2019 Mohsen Farzi Ali saligheh zadeh The present study is the result of more than 150 geotechnical investigations that were conducted over 2 years (from 2015 to 2016) on the Ahwaz soil (which is mainly composed of clay with low plasticity in different regions). The standard penetration test was performed at all the boring locations, and after preparing the undisturbed Shelby tube samples from different depths, the unconsolidated undrained triaxial (UU), Atterberg limits, in situ moisture content and grading tests were performed on all samples. All of the abovementioned parameters are presented for the Ahvaz soil, and the range of values of each of the parameters were investigated, and finally, the relationship between the modulus of elasticity and the standard penetration test was studied. The effect of different soil parameters and their contribution to the determination of soil elasticity modulus is another important result of this study. The most important result of this study could be the different classifications of soil elasticity moduli by using the sample Nspt values to estimate the elasticity moduli because the standard penetration test value has the highest correlation and the most significant relationship with elasticity moduli.

View Show abstract Updated Reference Shear Wave Velocity Curves for Near-Surface Site Characterization Conference Paper Full-text available Mar 2019 Salman Rahimi Clinton M. Wood Michelle L. Bernhardt-Barry Ashraf Kamal Himel A total of 150 multi-channel analysis of surface waves array setups using Rayleigh wavesWood River Levee. Reference shear wave velocity (VS) curves for various soil types, proposedModified versions of the reference. VS curves are developed for soft clay and loose sand for very shallow depths, where the currentView Show abstract Nonlinear soil-structure-interaction analysis in support of seismic design and probabilistic risk assessment of nuclear facilities Technical Report Full-text available Dec 2018 Annie Kammerer Justin Coleman Youssef M. A. Hashash Ching-Ching Yu This report provides guidance on conducting nonlinear soil-structure-interaction (NLSSI) analysis of safety-related nuclear facilities. Analysis is performed in the time domain. The guidance provided in this report addresses both design and seismic probabilistic risk assessment, and has been written to address significant limitations in the guidance currently available to designers, owners, and regulators of nuclear facilities in the United States. This report discusses technical elements involved in NLSSI analysis in an integrated presentation. Both hazard evaluation and site-response analysis (SRA) are discussed, as they provide inputs to NLSSI analysis. The motivation for development of the guidance in this document includes the following issues and benefits:This document provides guidance on both seismic design and SPRA, and includes perspective and insights on how the two activities and their SSI analysis needs can differ.

View Show abstract Sample size determination in geotechnical site investigation considering spatial variation and correlation Article Oct 2018 CAN GEOTECH J Yu Wang Zheng Guan Tengyuan Zhao Site investigation is a fundamental element in geotechnical engineering practice, but only a small portion of geomaterials is sampled and tested during site investigation. This leads to a question of sample size determination: how many samples are needed to achieve a target level of accuracy for the results inferred from the samples. Sample size determination is a well-known topic in statistics and has many applications in a wide variety of areas. However, conventional statistical methods, which mainly deal with independent data, only have limited applications in geotechnical site investigation because geotechnical data are not independent, but spatially varying and correlated. Existing design codes around the world (e.g., Eurocode 7) only provide conceptual principles on sample size determination. No scientific or quantitative method is available for sample size determination in site investigation considering spatial variation and correlation of geotechnical properties. This study performs an extensive parametric study and develops a statistical chart for sample size determination with consideration of spatial variation and correlation using Bayesian compressive sensing or sampling. Real cone penetration test data and real laboratory test data are used to illustrate application of the proposed statistical chart, and the method is shown to perform well. View Show abstract Show more 7-34 7.2.3 Specimen Selection 7-35 Sample Handling Sample Handling. 7-34 Lateral Stress State Lateral Stress State. 9-25 Photography. Hand Auger Borings Hand Auger Borings. 3-9 Strength-Deformation Characteristics Strength-Deformation Characteristics. 8-10 Types Types of Reports. 11-1 While soi l behavioral charts are useful, sometimes they do not recognized the presence of sensitive soils.

Using a simplified solution for assessment of yield st ress (Pc') from piezocone tests (CPTu), when the hierarchy of profiles is in the order. A commonality between these two approaches led to a generalized power law expression in terms of net cone resistance. January 1983 Barry R. Christopher Many erosion-protection installations for roadway embankments were designed and constructed by using geotextiles during the 1960s. Two such installations constructed in 1969 were studied to evaluate the long-term field performance of the facilities and the geotextile material. The 79th Street Causeway was constructed with a woven geotextile as a filter in a rip-rap revetment-type seawall to protect one of the bridge abutments and a segment of the causeway. The geotextile design was used in place of a conventional granular filter design to prevent erosion of the subgrade soils through the rip-rap. The Bahia Honda Bridge project was constructed with a woven geotextile as a subgrade-protection filter beneath sand-cement rip-rap-constructed bridge abutments, drains, and seawalls at both ends of the bridge. The performance evaluation of these installations consisted of a review of the design, visual observations, and testing of representative rip-rap, fabric, and underlying soil samples. In the laboratory study, the condition of the excavated fabrics was compared with new fabric characteristics. The study included strength and filtration evaluation of the fabric and gradation analysis of the surrounding soils. Field observations of the performance of the structures, evaluation procedures, and the results of laboratory tests are presented. This paper provides an overview of geotextile requirements and specific references to available design literature for each of these application areas. Read more Article Design Manual for Roadway Geocomposite Underdrain Systems Barry R. Christopher Read more Download citation What type of file do you want.

RIS BibTeX Plain Text What do you want to download. Citation only Citation and abstract Download Discover the world's research Join ResearchGate to find the people and research you need to help your work. Join for free ResearchGate iOS App Get it from the App Store now. Install Keep up with your stats and more Access scientific knowledge from anywhere or Discover by subject area Recruit researchers Join for free Login Email Tip: Most researchers use their institutional email address as their ResearchGate login Password Forgot password. Keep me logged in Log in or Continue with LinkedIn Continue with Google Welcome back. Keep me logged in Log in or Continue with LinkedIn Continue with Google No account. All rights reserved. Terms Privacy Copyright Imprint. The planning, execution, and interpretation of geotechnical site explorations in natural soil and rock are presented with regard to the design and construction of transportation facilities. The role of the geotechnical engineer in subsurface investigation, exploration methods, equipment types and their suitability are discussed.Various in-situ tests are presented, including cone penetration, dilatometer, pressuremeter, vane, and standard penetration. Rotary drilling and rock coring are reviewed in terms of the proper handling, transportation, and storage of soil and rock samples for laboratory testing. Geophysical wave and electromagnetic methods are covered. Laboratory index, strength, and stiffness testing are reviewed in complement to the field testing program. Geomaterial characterization requires the interpretation and correlation of engineering properties from the acquired field and lab measurements. Read about our Cookie Policy I understand. FHWA NHI-01-031 Federal Highway Administration Washington, DCGeotechnical Site Characterization July 2001 by Paul W. Mayne, Barry R. Christopher, and Jason DeJong Technical Report Documentation Page1. REPORT NO. FHWA-NHI-01-0314. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 2.

GOVERNMENT ACCESSION NO. 3. RECIPIENT'S CATALOG NO. 5. REPORT DATE Subsurface Investigations(Geotechnical Site Characterization) 7. AUTHOR(S) July 20016. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO. Paul W. Mayne, Ph.D., P.E., Barry R. Christopher, Ph.D., P.E. and Jason DeJong, Ph.D.9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10.The role of the geotechnical engineer in subsurface investigation, exploration methods, equipment types and their suitability are discussed. Various in-situ tests are presented, including cone penetration, dilatometer, pressuremeter, vane, and standard penetration. Rotary drilling and rock coring are reviewed in terms of the proper handling, transportation, and storage of soil and rock samples for laboratory testing. Geophysical wave and electromagnetic methods are covered. Laboratory index, strength, and stiffness testing are reviewed in complement to the field testing program. Geomaterial characterization requires the interpretation and correlation of engineering properties from the acquired field and lab measurements. Sponsored by the National Highway Institute (NHI) of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the training course is given at different locations in the U.S. The intended audience includes civil engineers and engineering geologists involved in the design and construction of transportation facilities. This manual is designed to present the latest methodologies in the planning, execution and interpretation of the various subsurface investigation methods, and the development of appropriate soil and rock parameters for engineering applications. The authors have made every effort to present the general state of the practice of subsurface exploration and geotechnical site characterization. It is understood that the procedures discussed in the manual are subject to local variations. It is important, therefore, for the reader to become thoroughly familiar with the local practices as well.

This guide focuses on the scope and specific elements of typical geotechnical investigation programs for design and construction of highways and related transportation facilities. Considering the broad scope and fundamental importance of this subject, this manual on subsurface investigations is organized as follows: Chapters 1 through 6 discuss various aspects of field investigations, including soil borings, augering, rock coring, sampling, in-situ testing, and geophysical exploration methods. Chapters 7 and 8 discuss laboratory testing of soil and rock materials. Chapters 9 and 10 present interpretation procedures for soil and rock properties. Chapters 11 and 12 address issues related to data management and interpretation, including evaluation and synthesis of the field and laboratory test data, development of soil and rock design parameters, and the presentation of investigation findings in geotechnical reports. Appendix A contains information on health and safety issues. This manual is not intended to be an exclusive reference on subsurface investigations and it is highly recommended that the references given in Chapter 13 be made part of the reader's library and reviewed in detail. Two important references are the Manual on Subsurface Investigations by AASHTO (1988) and the FHWA Manual Evaluation of Soil and Rock Properties (Geotechnical Engineering Circular No. 5, 2001). Finally, this manual is developed to be used as a living document. After attending the training session, it is intended that the participant will use it as a manual of practice in everyday work. Throughout the manual, attention is given to ensure the compatibility of its content with those of the participants manuals prepared for the other training modules. Special efforts are made to ensure that the included material is practical in nature and represents the latest developments in the field.NHI Style Guide. Introduction. The National Highway Institute (NHI) is committed 14.

531 Lecture 1 - The Nature of Figure 7.2. from FHWA NHI-01-031. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Geotechnical Engineering Series - Shallow Engineering - Shallow.Geotechnical Engineering Series - Shallow Foundations 2012.FHWA NHI-06-089 8 Publication No. Geotechnical Investigations. Imagine trying to capture every change in technology, methods, and approaches to geotechnical investigations from the past 30 years. After a very cursory review, it appears that the authors of the new manual have done just that. This is sure to be a must-have resource for every geotechnical engineer, whether they practice on the transportation side of the business or not. I’ll be looking forward to having a deeper dive into the changes to the manual. If you notice anything important, don’t be afraid to leave a comment here. You can download the NCHRP Manual on Subsurface Investigations from the Transportation Research Board (TRB). This year’s top winners had a strong geo-engineering theme. Discover everything Scribd has to offer, including books and audiobooks from major publishers. Start Free Trial Cancel anytime. Report this Document Download Now Save Save FHWA NHI-01-031 (2002) Subsurface Investigations For Later 100 (2) 100 found this document useful (2 votes) 716 views 305 pages FHWA NHI-01-031 (2002) Subsurface Investigations Uploaded by caketreefile Description: Full description Save Save FHWA NHI-01-031 (2002) Subsurface Investigations For Later 100 100 found this document useful, Mark this document as useful 0 0 found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful Embed Share Print Download Now Jump to Page You are on page 1 of 305 Search inside document. We publish prepublications to facilitate timely access to the committee's findings. You can pre-order a copy of the book and we will send it to you when it becomes available. We will not charge you for the book until it ships. Pricing for a pre-ordered book is estimated and subject to change.

All backorders will be released at the final established price. If the price decreases, we will simply charge the lower price. Applicable discounts will be extended. The eBook is optimized for e-reader devices and apps, which means that it offers a much better digital reading experience than a PDF, including resizable text and interactive features (when available). This report reflects the changes in the approaches and methods used for geotechnical site characterization that the geotechnical community has developed and adopted in the past thirty years. The updated manual provides information and guidelines for planning and executing a geotechnical site investigation program. It may also be used to develop a ground model for planning, design, construction, and asset management phases of a project. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. You may request permission to: Terms of Use and Privacy Statement. This manual is intended to provide a technical resource for geotechnical and highway engineers responsible for planning and performing subsurface investigations so that project subsurface conditions can be characterized effectively and risks attributed to ground conditions can be identified and addressed. The manual is organized to reflect the strong emphasis on interpretation of geotechnical parameters for design and construction. It describes important considerations for planning and scoping of geotechnical investigations; means and methods for classification of soil and rock based on index property measurements; identifying and characterizing potentially problematic soil and rock types for design and construction; guidance for interpretation of soil and rock properties from field and laboratory measurements; interpretation of geotechnical design parameters from collections of individual measurement; identification and characterization of geotechnical hazards; and lastly, guidance for documenting and reporting results from geotechnical investigations.

Cover title: Geotechnical Engineering Circular No.5 Geotechnical Site Characterization. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use and Privacy Statement. Please look at additional informationOr, post a question inThis publication includes the geology,Includes material considerations, excavation, For link to appendix,For link to appendix,For link to appendix,Note: This publication does not have an appendix. For link to appendix,Also has excellent information This publication has information on soil classifications including a Drilling, sampling andThis book also includes a foundation design philosophy, and analysis of thaw settlement, shallow foundations, pile foundations.